When we eat more protein than our bodies need, something interesting happens to the extra amino acids. Instead of just sitting in our body, these amino acids go through a process to be broken down, mainly in the liver.

Let’s break down what happens in simple steps:

1. Deamination: The first thing that happens is the removal of a part called the amino group from the amino acids. This creates ammonia and a carbon structure. This step is important because the amino group can be harmful on its own.

2. Urea Cycle: Next, the ammonia is changed into urea through a series of reactions known as the urea cycle. Urea is much safer and can be easily removed by the kidneys. For every two pieces of ammonia, our body makes one piece of urea, helping to get rid of extra nitrogen.

3. Energy Production: The leftover carbon structure can be turned into glucose (a type of sugar), fatty acids, or other substances that help produce energy. Some of it can also be saved as fat for later use.

In short, our body cleverly finds ways to use extra amino acids, helping to manage energy and keep everything balanced!