Understanding dominant and recessive alleles is important in genetics, but it can be a bit tricky. Let’s break it down simply.

1. Dominant Alleles:

• These alleles always show their traits if they are present.
  For example, if you have $AA$ or $Aa$, the dominant allele is strong.
• They can hide the traits of recessive alleles.

2. Recessive Alleles:

• These alleles only show their traits when they are paired together (like $aa$).
• If they are mixed with dominant alleles, you might not even notice them.

Common Confusions:

• Many people get confused about how traits are passed down from parents to children.
• Some mix up genotype (the genetic makeup) with phenotype (the physical traits you can see).

Helpful Tips:

• Use Punnett squares! They help you see how traits are inherited visually.
• Try interactive genetics resources online. They make learning easier and more fun!