The pH scale tells us how acidic or basic a substance is, and it goes from 0 to 14.

Challenges:

• Sometimes, the way the pH scale works can be confusing for students.
• If students misunderstand pH values, they might make mistakes when looking at acid-base reactions.

Solutions:

• Focus on real-life examples and hands-on experiments.
• Use visual tools like pH indicators to make the ideas easier to understand.

Understanding these ideas is important to get the hang of acid-base chemistry!