To talk about things happening right now in Spanish, we use the present progressive tense.

This means we use the verb "estar" along with a gerund. A gerund is just the "-ing" form of a verb.

Here’s How It Works:

1. Conjugate "estar":

   • Yo estoy (I am)
   • Tú estás (You are - informal)
   • Él/Ella/Usted está (He/She/You - formal)
   • Nosotros/as estamos (We are)
   • Vosotros/as estáis (You all - informal in Spain)
   • Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes están (They/You all - formal)

2. Use a gerund:

   • For regular verbs, here’s how to form the gerund:
     • -ar verbs: change to -ando (for example, hablar becomes hablando)
     • -er verbs: change to -iendo (for example, comer becomes comiendo)
     • -ir verbs: also change to -iendo (for example, vivir becomes viviendo)

3. Some Example Sentences:

   • Yo estoy hablando. (I am talking.)
   • Ella está comiendo. (She is eating.)
   • Nosotros estamos viviendo en España. (We are living in Spain.)

Important Grammar Tips:

• Use articles correctly: el (the - for masculine), la (the - for feminine).
• Nouns and adjectives should match in gender and number. For example: las casas rojas (the red houses).
• To say something is not true, use negations: No estoy cansado (I am not tired).
• Ask questions using interrogative words: ¿Qué estás haciendo? (What are you doing?)
• Remember the difference between familiar and formal commands: ¡Habla! (Speak! - informal) and ¡Hable! (Speak! - formal).

With this structure, you can easily talk about actions happening right now in Spanish!