J.J. Thomson was super important in showing that electrons exist. He did some cool experiments with a special tool called a cathode ray tube in the late 1800s. Here are the main things he found out:
Cathode Ray Observation: Thomson noticed beams of particles, which he called cathode rays, coming from a part called the cathode in a vacuum tube. These rays moved in straight lines and created shadows, which showed that they were making an impact.
Charge-to-Mass Ratio: Thomson ran tests to find out the charge-to-mass ratio of these particles. He discovered that this ratio was much higher than that of hydrogen ions, which meant the particles were a lot lighter. He calculated it to be about -1.76 x 10^8 C/kg.
Nature of Particles: From his experiments, Thomson figured out that these particles had a negative charge and were much smaller than atoms. This led him to conclude that they were electrons.
Model of the Atom: His work helped create the "plum pudding model." In this model, electrons were mixed into a positively charged "soup." This idea changed how people thought about atomic theory.
J.J. Thomson was super important in showing that electrons exist. He did some cool experiments with a special tool called a cathode ray tube in the late 1800s. Here are the main things he found out:
Cathode Ray Observation: Thomson noticed beams of particles, which he called cathode rays, coming from a part called the cathode in a vacuum tube. These rays moved in straight lines and created shadows, which showed that they were making an impact.
Charge-to-Mass Ratio: Thomson ran tests to find out the charge-to-mass ratio of these particles. He discovered that this ratio was much higher than that of hydrogen ions, which meant the particles were a lot lighter. He calculated it to be about -1.76 x 10^8 C/kg.
Nature of Particles: From his experiments, Thomson figured out that these particles had a negative charge and were much smaller than atoms. This led him to conclude that they were electrons.
Model of the Atom: His work helped create the "plum pudding model." In this model, electrons were mixed into a positively charged "soup." This idea changed how people thought about atomic theory.