Acids and bases are important in our daily lives and have a big role in chemistry. You can find these substances in many items, from the cleaners we use at home to the foods we eat. Knowing about their characteristics helps us understand how they affect the world around us and our bodies.

What is pH?

The pH scale is a number system that goes from 0 to 14. It tells us if a solution is acidic or basic.

• Acids have a pH less than 7. For example, lemon juice has a pH of about 2.
• Bases have a pH greater than 7. A good example is baking soda, which has a pH of around 9.

What Happens When Acids and Bases Mix?

One cool thing about acids and bases is that they can neutralize each other. This means when an acid and a base come together, they create water and a salt.

For example, when hydrochloric acid (HCl) meets sodium hydroxide (NaOH), the result is:

HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H₂O

This type of reaction is important in many ways. For instance, in our stomachs, stomach acid gets neutralized by the bicarbonate found in antacids. This helps relieve heartburn.

How Do We Use Acids and Bases?

• Household cleaners often contain bases that can fight off acidic stains.
• In cooking, we use acidity, like sour ingredients in baking.

In the end, knowing about acids and bases helps us handle everyday situations, making our lives easier and healthier!