Heart sounds are important clues about how healthy our heart is. They can help doctors figure out if something might be wrong. Let’s break it down:

1. S1 and S2 Sounds:

   • These are the main heart sounds we listen to. They happen when the heart's valves close.
   • S1 happens when the valves between the heart's upper and lower chambers close.
   • S2 happens when the valves that lead to the lungs and body close.

2. Extra Sounds:

   • Sometimes, doctors hear other sounds called S3 and S4.
   • S3 can suggest heart failure, which means the heart isn’t pumping as well as it should.
   • S4 can point to a thickening of the heart muscle, often due to high blood pressure.

3. Murmurs:

   • Murmurs are unusual sounds that can happen when blood flows abnormally through the heart.
   • They often suggest there may be a problem with the heart valves.

By understanding these heart sounds, doctors can make better decisions about what tests to do next and how to help patients.