Protein clumps are very important in diseases that affect the brain. Here’s how they work:

1. How Problems Start: Sometimes, proteins don’t fold the way they should. For example, in Alzheimer's disease, a protein called amyloid-beta gets messed up, and in Parkinson’s, it’s alpha-synuclein. These misfolded proteins pile up and create harmful clumps.

2. Effects on Cells: When these clumps form, they can mess up how cells work. This leads to the death of brain cells, which is really bad for our health.

3. Real-Life Examples:

   • In Alzheimer’s, these clumps, called plaques, make it hard for brain cells to talk to each other.
   • In Parkinson’s, a type of clump called Lewy bodies harms movement control.

Knowing how these processes happen is very important. It helps scientists create treatments that can specifically help people with these diseases.