Consent is super important when countries change their agreements with each other. It helps make sure that any changes are fair and accepted by everyone involved. Here are some key points to think about:

1. Bilateral vs. Multilateral Agreements:

   • In bilateral agreements, which are deals between two countries, both need to agree to any changes.
   • For example, if two countries want to change a trade deal, they both have to say yes to the new rules.

2. Consensus Principle:

   • For multilateral agreements, which involve many countries, a general agreement or majority is usually needed.
   • An example is the Paris Agreement, where many nations must come together and agree on any changes.

3. Formal Processes:

   • The steps to make changes, like amendments or new protocols, are usually written in the original agreement.
   • This way, all the countries that signed it have a chance to give their approval for any updates.

In short, consent makes sure that all countries are on the same page with the new rules. This helps build cooperation and trust between nations.