The government has an important job when it comes to making sure that businesses compete fairly. Here’s how they do it:

1. Antitrust Laws:

   • Laws like the Sherman Act from 1890 and the Clayton Act from 1914 are in place to stop companies from getting too powerful. These laws help keep competition alive. For example, in 2020, the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) stopped mergers worth $8 billion to keep the market fair.

2. Regulatory Agencies:

   • The FTC and the Department of Justice (DOJ) make sure the antitrust laws are followed. In 2021, the FTC looked into more than 1,200 cases to stop unfair business practices.

3. Market Entry Support:

   • The government helps new businesses get started by offering grants, loans, and tax breaks. According to the U.S. Small Business Administration (SBA), small businesses make up almost all businesses in the U.S. and create nearly half of all private jobs. This shows just how important it is to support new companies.

4. Consumer Protection:

   • The government also protects consumers from unfair business practices. The Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) checks that products are safe. This helps make sure all businesses follow the same rules, promoting fair competition.

5. Promotion of Innovation:

   • By funding research and development, the government encourages new ideas and improvements. In 2020, federal funding for research and development topped $140 billion, helping to push technology forward and welcome new businesses into the market.

By balancing regulations, providing help, and enforcing rules, the government helps create a fair and competitive market. This benefits consumers and helps the economy grow.