In probability, the words "and" and "or" are really important when we want to combine different events.

"And"

• We use "and" to find out how likely it is for two things to happen at the same time.
• For example, think about the chance of rolling a 3 and flipping a coin to get heads.
• If the chance of rolling a 3 is $P(A) = 1/6$, and the chance of flipping heads is $P(B) = 1/2$, then we can find the chance of both happening together.
• It looks like this: $P(A \text{ and } B) = P(A) \times P(B) = \frac{1}{6} \times \frac{1}{2} = \frac{1}{12}$.

"Or"

• We use "or" to find out the chance of at least one event happening.
• For example, what if we want to know the chance of rolling a 3 or flipping heads?
• The calculation for this is: $P(A \text{ or } B) = P(A) + P(B) - P(A \text{ and } B) = \frac{1}{6} + \frac{1}{2} - \frac{1}{12} = \frac{5}{12}$.

These rules make it easier for us to understand how different events can work together!