The rise of strict governments in Germany, Italy, and the Soviet Union in the early 20th century happened because of several important reasons. These reasons caused a lot of people to feel hopeless and want big changes.

1. Economic Hardship: After World War I, many countries were in a mess.

   • Germany faced huge inflation and high unemployment.
   • Italy had a shaky economy.
   • The Soviet Union dealt with a civil war and famine.

   All this suffering made it easier for extreme ideas to take root.

2. Political Instability: Weak democratic systems couldn't fix the problems people faced.

   • In Germany, the Weimar Republic could not keep control and had many different parties fighting for power.
   • Italy had no clear leader, leading to confusion.
   • The Bolshevik Revolution in Russia created fear and chaos, making people look for strong leaders.

3. Social Unrest: Many people were unhappy due to class differences and fights between ethnic groups.

   • Leaders like Hitler and Mussolini took advantage of this anger.
   • They promised to bring order and make their nations strong again.

4. Propaganda and Control: Totalitarian governments used propaganda (spreading ideas) to change how people thought.

   • They tried to silence anyone who disagreed and pushed for loyalty.
   • By controlling what was shown in the media and taught in schools, they created a fearful environment.

To avoid these situations in the future, it’s important to improve political understanding, strengthen democratic systems, and encourage open discussions among people.
We must learn from the past to stop strict governments from coming back and to build a fairer society.