The subjunctive mood in Spanish is all about showing feelings like doubt, desire, or uncertainty. It works a bit differently when we talk about the present or the past.

Present Subjunctive:

• How to Conjugate: For regular verbs, we change the present tense form a little:

  • For "hablar" (to talk): hable, hables, hable, hablemos, hablen.
  • For "comer" (to eat): coma, comas, coma, comamos, coman.

• Irregular Verbs: Some verbs change in special ways:

  • "ser" becomes "sea"
  • "ir" becomes "vaya"
  • "saber" becomes "sepa"

• Example Sentence: Espero que él hable contigo. (I hope that he talks to you.)

Past Subjunctive:

• How to Form It: To create the past subjunctive, you take the "they" form (third-person plural) from the past and drop the -ron. Then, add these endings: -ra, -ras, -ra, -ramos, -ran.

• Example Verbs: hablara, comiera, fuera

• Example Sentence: Si tuviera tiempo, iría a la fiesta. (If I had time, I would go to the party.)

When you learn to use the subjunctive for both present and past, you get better at sharing feelings and ideas in Spanish!