Understanding composition and inheritance is really important for new developers. Each one is useful in different ways. Let’s break down some key points:

1. Flexibility vs. Hierarchy:

   • Inheritance creates a clear structure where some classes (called subclasses) get traits and actions from other classes. This works well when there’s a clear “is-a” relationship, like a cat is a type of animal. But it can make things too rigid.
   • Composition is more flexible. It focuses on “has-a” relationships. For example, a car has an engine. With composition, you can build objects using different parts. This makes it easier to change how things work later.

2. Code Reusability:

   • Composition helps you reuse code better because you can mix and match different parts. This leads to cleaner and easier-to-read code.
   • Inheritance can sometimes cause problems. If you change something in the main class (called the superclass), it might unexpectedly affect the subclasses.

3. Dependency Management:

   • With composition, objects rely on general rules instead of specific classes. This makes it easier to keep track of what depends on what.

In my experience, learning both composition and inheritance has really improved my coding. This skill is super important if you want to be good at software development!