In Russian, using prepositions with numbers can change based on the situation. This is especially important for the noun that follows the number. If you want to speak Russian well, it's key to know how to combine these correctly. Here are some important points about using prepositions with numbers: ### Common Prepositions with Numbers: 1. **в (in)**: - **How to Use It**: This preposition shows where something is or where it's going. - **Case You Need**: Use the accusative case when you’re talking about direction. Use the prepositional case when you’re talking about a location. - **Examples**: - *в три часа* (at three o'clock) – This uses the prepositional case. - *в три месяца* (in three months) – This uses the accusative case. 2. **на (on, at)**: - **How to Use It**: This shows a surface or an event. - **Case You Need**: Always use the accusative case with this preposition. - **Examples**: - *на один день* (for one day) – This is the accusative case. - *на два года* (for two years) – This is also the accusative case. 3. **с (with)**: - **How to Use It**: This shows being together with someone or including someone. - **Case You Need**: Use the genitive case for numbers 2 to 4. Use the accusative case for 1 and numbers higher than 4. - **Examples**: - *с одной подругой* (with one friend) – This is the accusative case. - *с двумя братьями* (with two brothers) – This is the genitive case. ### Special Notes: - For the numbers 2, 3, and 4, when you're using **с**, make sure to use the genitive singular case for feminine nouns. - The form of the number can change based on whether the noun is masculine, feminine, or neuter. Try practicing these prepositions with different numbers to get better at Russian grammar!
Here’s a simple guide to talking about hobbies and fun activities in Russian. ### Common Hobbies 1. **Чтение (Chteniye)** - Reading - Я люблю читать книги. - (Ya lyublyu chitat' knigi.) - I love reading books. 2. **Спорт (Sport)** - Sports - Я занимаюсь спортом. - (Ya zanimayus' sportom.) - I do sports. 3. **Музыка (Muzyka)** - Music - Я слушаю музыку. - (Ya slushayu muzyku.) - I listen to music. 4. **Рисование (Risovaniye)** - Drawing - Я увлекаюсь рисованием. - (Ya uvlekayus' risovaniyem.) - I am fond of drawing. ### Asking About Hobbies - **Каковы твои увлечения? (Kakovy tvoi uvlecheniya?)** - This means: What are your hobbies? ### Expressing Preferences - **Мне нравится ... (Mne nravitsya ...)** - I like ... - Мне нравится кататься на велосипеде. - (Mne nravitsya katat'sya na velosipede.) - I like cycling. With these words, you can easily talk about hobbies and free time in Russian. Try using these sentences to practice your speaking skills!
The word "студент" means "student" in Russian. This word changes depending on how we use it in a sentence. Here are the different forms of "студент" in six cases: 1. **Nominative**: студент - Example: Этот студент учится. (This student studies.) 2. **Genitive**: студента - Example: У студента много книг. (The student has many books.) 3. **Dative**: студенту - Example: Я даю книгу студенту. (I give a book to the student.) 4. **Accusative**: студента - Example: Я вижу студента. (I see the student.) 5. **Instrumental**: студентом - Example: Я горжусь студентом. (I am proud of the student.) 6. **Locative**: студенте - Example: Мы говорим о студенте. (We talk about the student.) If you want to get better at Russian grammar, it’s useful to remember these forms!
When you visit a restaurant in Russia, knowing some key words and phrases can really help you. Here’s a simple guide to make it easier for you: ### Key Vocabulary - **Меню (menyu)** - This means "Menu." - **Неплохо (neplokho)** - This means "Not bad." It shows you’re pleased with something. - **Заказ (zakaz)** - This means "Order." ### Useful Phrases 1. **Я хочу заказать… (Ya khochu zakazat’...)** - This means "I want to order…" 2. **Можно рекомендации? (Mozhno rekomendatsii?)** - This means "Can I have some recommendations?" 3. **Счёт, пожалуйста. (Schiot, pozhaluysta.)** - This means "The bill, please." ### Grammar Tip - You can change the word "заказывать" (zakazyvat’) a bit. For example, **Я заказываю (Ya zakazyvayu)** means "I am ordering." Try practicing these phrases, and you’ll feel more comfortable eating out in Russia!
In Russian, adjectives (words that describe things) can change when we compare them. This article will talk about special adjectives, focusing on the word "хороший," which means "good." We’ll see how to change it based on gender (male or female), number (singular or plural), and case (the form of the word). ### Comparing Things To compare things using "хороший," we change it to "лучший," which means "better." This is special because most adjectives just add letters for comparison, but "хороший" is different. **Comparative Examples:** | Degree | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Plural | |-------------|------------|-----------|----------|-----------| | Comparative | лучший | лучшая | лучшее | лучшие | **How to Use in Sentences:** - Он лучше меня. (He is better than me.) - Эта книга лучше той. (This book is better than that one.) ### The Best of the Best When we want to say something is the best, we also use "лучший." To make it clearer, we can say "самый лучший," which means "the most good." But sometimes, just "лучший" is enough depending on what we are talking about. **Superlative Examples:** | Degree | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Plural | |--------------|------------|-----------|----------|-----------| | Superlative | самый лучший | самая лучшая | самое лучшее | самые лучшие | **How to Use in Sentences:** - Он самый лучший студент. (He is the best student.) - Эта картина самая лучшая в музее. (This painting is the best in the museum.) ### Matching Adjectives When you use adjectives, they need to match the noun (the word being described) in gender, number, and case. Here’s how this works: 1. **Gender:** - Masculine adjectives (like лучший) change a little. - Feminine adjectives often add "ая" (like лучшая). - Neuter adjectives add "ое" (like лучшее). 2. **Number:** - For plural adjectives, you add "ые" or "ие" based on the letter before it (like лучшие). 3. **Case:** - Adjectives need to match the case of the noun. For example, if the noun is plural, the adjective should also be plural. **Agreement Examples:** - Лучший фильм года. (Best film of the year - masculine.) - Лучшая песня лета. (Best song of the summer - feminine.) - Лучшее время для отдыха. (Best time to relax - neuter.) - Лучшие друзья всегда рядом. (Best friends are always nearby - plural.) ### Practice To get better, try making sentences with different nouns and ensure the adjectives match in gender, number, and case. 1. Он (лучший) друг. 2. Это (лучшая) работа. 3. Они (самые лучшие) игроки. By learning to use special adjectives like "хороший," you can improve your Russian speaking skills!
In Russian, we have special words called question words. These words help us ask questions that need more than just a yes or no answer. They are really important for having good conversations with others. ### Key Question Words: - **Что** - This means "what." We use it to ask about things or information. - *Example:* "Что ты делаешь?" (What are you doing?) - **Где** - This means "where." We use it to ask about places. - *Example:* "Где ты живёшь?" (Where do you live?) ### Rules for Forming Questions: 1. **Placement**: Usually, the question word comes first in the sentence. - *Example:* "Что ты хочешь?" (What do you want?) 2. **Verb Agreement**: Make sure the verb matches who or what you are talking about. - *Example:* "Где они работают?" (Where do they work?) By practicing these question words and sentences, you will get better at asking interesting questions in Russian!
In Russian, adjectives have to match the nouns they describe. This means they need to agree in three ways: gender, number, and case. Let’s use the word "высокий," which means "tall," in the phrase "высокие деревья," meaning "tall trees." 1. **Gender**: The word "деревья" (trees) is neutral and plural. So, the word "высокий" changes to "высокие" to match. 2. **Number**: We are talking about more than one tree. That’s why the adjective has to be plural too. This is why we use "высокие." 3. **Case**: The phrase "высокие деревья" is in the nominative case. This means we are simply stating what the subject is. Here are some examples: - "В парке растут высокие деревья." (Tall trees grow in the park.) - "Эти высокие деревья красивы." (These tall trees are beautiful.) When we want to compare, we change the adjectives a little. Use "выше" to mean "taller" and "самый высокий" to mean "the tallest." For example: - "Эти деревья выше." (These trees are taller.) - "Это самые высокие деревья в парке." (These are the tallest trees in the park.) If you remember these simple rules, you’ll be able to use adjectives in Russian correctly!
In Russian grammar, the instrumental case helps us understand how actions happen and who is doing them. It’s especially important when we talk about people and animals. Let’s break down how to use it in simple ways: 1. **How an Action is Done**: Use the instrumental case to explain how something is done when talking about living things. - For example: "Я пишу письмо **с другом**." (I am writing a letter **with a friend**.) 2. **Being Together**: Use the instrumental case to show who you are with. - For example: "Я иду **с сестрой** в кино." (I am going to the movies **with my sister**.) 3. **Talking About Jobs**: Use the instrumental case to say what someone does for work. - For example: "Он работает **врачом**." (He works **as a doctor**.) 4. **Time Spent Together**: Use the instrumental case to say how long you are with someone. - For example: "Я говорю **с ним** долго." (I am talking **with him** for a long time.) 5. **Making Comparisons**: Use the instrumental case when comparing two living things. - For example: "Она сильнее **своего брата**." (She is stronger **than her brother**.) 6. **After Certain Words**: Some words, like "с" (with), always need the instrumental case when discussing living things. - For example: "Я еду **с друзьями**." (I am traveling **with friends**.) 7. **Who Did Something**: Use the instrumental case to show who did an action. - For example: "Эта работа выполнена **учителем**." (This work was completed **by the teacher**.) By remembering these uses, students can correctly use the instrumental case when talking about people and animals in Russian.
In Russian, the words "долго" and "долгий" may look similar, but they are used in different ways. This can make learning Russian a bit tricky at times. **1. What Do They Mean?** - **долго**: This is an adverb. It means "for a long time" or just "long." - **долгий**: This is an adjective. It describes something that is long in size or time. **2. How to Use Them?** - Use **долго** when talking about how long something lasts: - Example: Мы ждали долго. (We waited for a long time.) - Use **долгий** to describe a noun: - Example: У нас длинный путь. (We have a long road.) **3. Matching Adjectives:** In Russian, adjectives must match the nouns they describe. This means they need to match in gender (like boy or girl), number (singular or plural), and case (the form of the word). - **Masculine**: долгий (like in "долгий день" - long day) - **Feminine**: долгая (like in "долгая ночь" - long night) - **Neuter**: долгое (like in "долгое утро" - long morning) - **Plural**: долгие (like in "долгие часы" - long hours) **4. Comparing Lengths:** When you want to compare lengths, you can change "долгий" into different forms: - **Comparative**: длиннее (which means "longer") - Example: Этот путь длиннее, чем тот. (This road is longer than that one.) - **Superlative**: самый долгий (which means "the longest") - Example: Это самый долгий фильм. (This is the longest movie.) By learning how to use "долго" and "долгий" correctly, you will get much better at speaking Russian!
In this lesson, we’ll learn about the present tense forms of the verb "смотреть," which means "to watch" in Russian. Learning these forms is important. They help you make sentences in the present tense and share your thoughts clearly. ### How to Use "смотреть" in Present Tense The verb "смотреть" is an irregular verb. This means it doesn’t follow the regular rules for changing forms. Here’s how to use "смотреть" with different subjects in the present tense: | Subject | Conjugated Form | Example Sentence | |----------------|---------------------|------------------------------------------| | я (I) | смотрю | Я смотрю телевизор. (I am watching TV.) | | ты (you, informal) | смотришь | Ты смотришь фильм? (Are you watching a movie?) | | он/она/оно (he/she/it) | смотрит | Она смотрит на картину. (She is looking at the painting.) | | мы (we) | смотрим | Мы смотрим спектакль. (We are watching a performance.) | | вы (you, formal/plural) | смотрите | Вы смотрите новости? (Are you watching the news?) | | они (they) | смотрят | Они смотрят матч. (They are watching the match.) | ### Understanding the Forms 1. **Subject Pronouns**: Notice how the verb changes with different subjects. In Russian, you don’t always need to say the subject because it can be understood from the verb form. 2. **Irregular Forms**: "Смотреть" is special because it doesn’t follow the usual patterns. It has its own unique endings. ### Practice Sentences To help you practice using these forms, here are some sentences to translate into English: 1. Я смотрю YouTube каждый день. (I watch YouTube every day.) 2. Ты смотришь что-нибудь интересное? (Are you watching anything interesting?) 3. Он смотрит фильм о космосе. (He is watching a movie about space.) 4. Мы смотрим новые сериальные фильмы. (We are watching new series movies.) 5. Вы смотрите спектакль в театре? (Are you watching a performance at the theater?) 6. Они смотрят за птицами. (They are watching the birds.) ### Summary Knowing how to use "смотреть" in the present tense is really important for making sentences about what’s happening right now. By practicing, you will improve your speaking and writing in Russian, especially when talking about daily activities or things you enjoy watching. Keep practicing these forms in different situations to understand them better!